I tried the commands you suggested, but there are probably some missing commands. After loading the image using chroot you can use aptitude?
dd if=/dev/zero of=rootfs.img bs=1M count=4000
mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 rootfs.img
mkdir -p ./debian11
sudo mount rootfs.img ./debian11 -o loop
cd ./debian11
sudo debootstrap --foreign --arch arm64 bullseye . http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian
sudo LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot .
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade libc6
apt-get install openssh-server
apt-get install net-tools
apt-get install sudo
apt-get install vim
Is there a command missing from this list?